Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme

Publication type:
Journal article
Metadata:
Autoren
  • Leonardo Cesanelli
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Jorge Arede
  • Julio Calleja-Gonzalez
  • Nuno Leite
Autoren-URL
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000759195200011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
DOI
10.5114/biolsport.2022.105334
eISSN
2083-1862
Externe Identifier
  • Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: ZE9KG
  • PubMed Identifier: 35309528
ISSN
0860-021X
Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
2
Zeitschrift
BIOLOGY OF SPORT
Schlüsselwörter
  • Cycling performance
  • Functional power
  • Strength
  • Endurance
  • Performance analysis
Paginierung
329 - 340
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Titel
Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme
Sub types
  • Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
39

Data source: Web of Science (Lite)

Other metadata sources:
Autoren
  • Leonardo Cesanelli
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Jorge Arede
  • Julio Calleja-González
  • Nuno Leite
DOI
10.5114/biolsport.2022.105334
ISSN
0860-021X
Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
2
Zeitschrift
Biology of Sport
Paginierung
329 - 340
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Herausgeber
Termedia Sp. z.o.o.
Herausgeber URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.105334
Datum der Datenerfassung
2022
Titel
Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
39

Data source: Crossref

Abstract
Changes and relationships between cycling performance indicators following a one-year strength and conditioning training have not been totally clarified. The aims of this study are to investigate (i) the effect of a combined one-year strength and conditioning training programme on performance indicators and the possible relationships between these indicators, and (ii) the existence of possible endurance-functional-adaptive windows (EFAWs) linked to changes in muscular strength and body composition markers. Functional and lactate threshold power (FTP and LTP), maximal strength (1RM) and body composition (body mass index [BMI], body cell mass [BCM] and phase angle [PA]) were measured at the beginning and the end of a one-year strength and conditioning training programme of thirty cyclists. Correlations, differences, and predictive analysis were performed among parameters. Significant differences were found between pre- and post-conditioning programme results for FTP, LTP, 1RM (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) and BCM (<i>p</i> = 0.038). When expressed as power output (W), FTP and LTP were significantly correlated with 1RM (r = 0.36, <i>p</i> = 0.005 and r = 0.37, <i>p</i> = 0.004, respectively), body mass (r = 0.30 and p = 0.02), BCM (r = 0.68, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and PA (r = 0.42 and 0.39, respectively and <i>p</i> < 0.001). When expressed as W·kg-¹, these power thresholds were strongly correlated with body mass (r = -0.56 and -0.61, respectively) and BMI (r = -0.57 and -0.61 respectively) with <i>p</i> < 0.001. Predictive polynomial regressions revealed possible endurance and strength adaptation zones. The present findings indicated beneficial impacts of one-year strength and conditioning training on cycling performance indicators, confirmed the correlation between performance indicators, and suggested the existence of different EFAWs. Strategies aiming to improve performance should consider cyclist characteristics and performance goals to achieve EFAWs and thereby enhance cycling performance.
Addresses
  • Department of Psychological, Pedagogical and Educational Sciences, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo I-90128, Italy.
Autoren
  • Leonardo Cesanelli
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Jorge Arede
  • Julio Calleja-González
  • Nuno Leite
DOI
10.5114/biolsport.2022.105334
eISSN
2083-1862
Externe Identifier
  • PubMed Identifier: 35309528
  • PubMed Central ID: PMC8919878
Open access
true
ISSN
0860-021X
Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
2
Zeitschrift
Biology of sport
Sprache
eng
Medium
Print-Electronic
Online publication date
2021
Open access status
Open Access
Paginierung
329 - 340
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Publisher licence
CC BY-NC-ND
Datum der Datenerfassung
2022
Titel
Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme.
Sub types
  • research-article
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
39

Files

https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC8919878?pdf=render

Data source: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract
Changes and relationships between cycling performance indicators following a one-year strength and conditioning training have not been totally clarified. The aims of this study are to investigate (i) the effect of a combined one-year strength and conditioning training programme on performance indicators and the possible relationships between these indicators, and (ii) the existence of possible endurance-functional-adaptive windows (EFAWs) linked to changes in muscular strength and body composition markers. Functional and lactate threshold power (FTP and LTP), maximal strength (1RM) and body composition (body mass index [BMI], body cell mass [BCM] and phase angle [PA]) were measured at the beginning and the end of a one-year strength and conditioning training programme of thirty cyclists. Correlations, differences, and predictive analysis were performed among parameters. Significant differences were found between pre- and post-conditioning programme results for FTP, LTP, 1RM (p < 0.0001) and BCM (p = 0.038). When expressed as power output (W), FTP and LTP were significantly correlated with 1RM (r = 0.36, p = 0.005 and r = 0.37, p = 0.004, respectively), body mass (r = 0.30 and p = 0.02), BCM (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) and PA (r = 0.42 and 0.39, respectively and p < 0.001). When expressed as W·kg-¹, these power thresholds were strongly correlated with body mass (r = -0.56 and -0.61, respectively) and BMI (r = -0.57 and -0.61 respectively) with p < 0.001. Predictive polynomial regressions revealed possible endurance and strength adaptation zones. The present findings indicated beneficial impacts of one-year strength and conditioning training on cycling performance indicators, confirmed the correlation between performance indicators, and suggested the existence of different EFAWs. Strategies aiming to improve performance should consider cyclist characteristics and performance goals to achieve EFAWs and thereby enhance cycling performance.
Date of acceptance
2021
Autoren
  • Leonardo Cesanelli
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Jorge Arede
  • Julio Calleja-González
  • Nuno Leite
Autoren-URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35309528
DOI
10.5114/biolsport.2022.105334
Externe Identifier
  • PubMed Central ID: PMC8919878
ISSN
0860-021X
Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
2
Zeitschrift
Biol Sport
Schlüsselwörter
  • Cycling performance
  • Endurance
  • Functional power
  • Performance analysis
  • Strength
Sprache
eng
Country
Poland
Paginierung
329 - 340
PII
105334
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Titel
Performance indicators and functional adaptive windows in competitive cyclists: effect of one-year strength and conditioning training programme.
Sub types
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
39

Data source: PubMed

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