Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries

Autoren

Jad Washif
David B. Pyne
Øyvind Sandbakk
Khaled Trabelsi
Abdul Rashid Aziz
Christopher Beaven
Isabel Krug
Iñigo Mujika
Achraf Ammar
Anis Chaouachi
Imen Moussa-Chamari
Asma Aloui
Hamdi Chtourou
Abdulaziz Farooq
Monoem Haddad
Mohamed Romdhani
Paul Salamh
Montassar Tabben
Del Wong
Yacine Zerguini
Matthew D DeLang
Lee Taylor
Helmi Ben Saad
Karim Chamari

DOI

10.5114/biolsport.2022.117576

ISSN

0860-021X

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

4

Zeitschrift

Biology of Sport

Paginierung

1103 - 1115

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2022

Status

Published

Herausgeber

Termedia Sp. z.o.o.

Herausgeber URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2022.117576

Datum der Datenerfassung

2022

Titel

Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

39

Data source: Crossref

Abstract

Ramadan intermittent fasting during the COVID-19 lockdown (RIFL) may present unique demands. We investigated training practices (i.e., training load and training times) of athletes, using pre-defined survey criteria/questions, during the 'first' COVID-19 lockdown, comparing RIFL to lockdown-alone (LD) in Muslim athletes. Specifically, a within-subject, survey-based study saw athletes (n = 5,529; from 110 countries/territories) training practices (comparing RIFL to LD) explored by comparative variables of: sex; age; continent; athlete classification (e.g., world-class); sport classification (e.g., endurance); athlete status (e.g., professional); and level of training knowledge and beliefs/attitudes (ranked as: good/moderate/poor). During RIFL (compared to LD), athlete perceptions (ranges presented given variety of comparative variables) of their training load decreased (46-62%), were maintained (31-48%) or increased (2-13%). Decreases (≥ 5%, p < 0.05) affected more athletes aged 30-39 years than those 18-29 years (60 vs 55%); more national than international athletes (59 vs 51%); more team sports than precision sports (59 vs 46%); more North American than European athletes (62 vs 53%); more semi-professional than professional athletes (60 vs 54%); more athletes who rated their beliefs/attitudes 'good' compared to 'poor' and 'moderate' (61 vs 54 and 53%, respectively); and more athletes with 'moderate' than 'poor' knowledge (58 vs 53%). During RIFL, athletes had different strategies for training times, with 13-29% training twice a day (i.e., afternoon and night), 12-26% at night only, and 18-36% in the afternoon only, with ranges depending on the comparative variables. Training loads and activities were altered negatively during RIFL compared to LD. It would be prudent for decision-makers responsible for RIFL athletes to develop programs to support athletes during such challenges.

Addresses

Sports Performance Division, Institut Sukan Negara Malaysia (National Sports Institute of Malaysia), 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Autoren

Jad Adrian Washif
David B Pyne
Øyvind Sandbakk
Khaled Trabelsi
Abdul Rashid Aziz
Christopher Martyn Beaven
Isabel Krug
Iñigo Mujika
Achraf Ammar
Anis Chaouachi
Imen Moussa-Chamari
Asma Aloui
Hamdi Chtourou
Abdulaziz Farooq
Monoem Haddad
Mohamed Romdhani
Paul Salamh
Montassar Tabben
Del P Wong
Yacine Zerguini
Matthew D DeLang
Lee Taylor
Helmi Ben Saad
Karim Chamari

DOI

10.5114/biolsport.2022.117576

eISSN

2083-1862

Externe Identifier

PubMed Identifier: 36247962
PubMed Central ID: PMC9536381

Open access

true

ISSN

0860-021X

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

4

Zeitschrift

Biology of sport

Sprache

eng

Medium

Print-Electronic

Online publication date

2022

Open access status

Open Access

Paginierung

1103 - 1115

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2022

Status

Published

Publisher licence

CC BY-SA

Datum der Datenerfassung

2022

Titel

Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries.

Sub types

research-article
Journal Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

39

Files

https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9536381?pdf=render

Data source: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract

Ramadan intermittent fasting during the COVID-19 lockdown (RIFL) may present unique demands. We investigated training practices (i.e., training load and training times) of athletes, using pre-defined survey criteria/questions, during the 'first' COVID-19 lockdown, comparing RIFL to lockdown-alone (LD) in Muslim athletes. Specifically, a within-subject, survey-based study saw athletes (n = 5,529; from 110 countries/territories) training practices (comparing RIFL to LD) explored by comparative variables of: sex; age; continent; athlete classification (e.g., world-class); sport classification (e.g., endurance); athlete status (e.g., professional); and level of training knowledge and beliefs/attitudes (ranked as: good/moderate/poor). During RIFL (compared to LD), athlete perceptions (ranges presented given variety of comparative variables) of their training load decreased (46-62%), were maintained (31-48%) or increased (2-13%). Decreases (≥ 5%, p < 0.05) affected more athletes aged 30-39 years than those 18-29 years (60 vs 55%); more national than international athletes (59 vs 51%); more team sports than precision sports (59 vs 46%); more North American than European athletes (62 vs 53%); more semi-professional than professional athletes (60 vs 54%); more athletes who rated their beliefs/attitudes 'good' compared to 'poor' and 'moderate' (61 vs 54 and 53%, respectively); and more athletes with 'moderate' than 'poor' knowledge (58 vs 53%). During RIFL, athletes had different strategies for training times, with 13-29% training twice a day (i.e., afternoon and night), 12-26% at night only, and 18-36% in the afternoon only, with ranges depending on the comparative variables. Training loads and activities were altered negatively during RIFL compared to LD. It would be prudent for decision-makers responsible for RIFL athletes to develop programs to support athletes during such challenges.

Date of acceptance

2022

Autoren

Jad Adrian Washif
David B Pyne
Øyvind Sandbakk
Khaled Trabelsi
Abdul Rashid Aziz
Christopher Martyn Beaven
Isabel Krug
Iñigo Mujika
Achraf Ammar
Anis Chaouachi
Imen Moussa-Chamari
Asma Aloui
Hamdi Chtourou
Abdulaziz Farooq
Monoem Haddad
Mohamed Romdhani
Paul Salamh
Montassar Tabben
Del P Wong
Yacine Zerguini
Matthew D DeLang
Lee Taylor
Helmi Ben Saad
Karim Chamari

Autoren-URL

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36247962

DOI

10.5114/biolsport.2022.117576

Externe Identifier

PubMed Central ID: PMC9536381

ISSN

0860-021X

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

4

Zeitschrift

Biol Sport

Schlüsselwörter

Crowdsource data
Global sports
Remote training
Training load
Training perception
Vulnerable athletes

Sprache

eng

Country

Poland

Paginierung

1103 - 1115

PII

117576

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2022

Status

Published

Titel

Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries.

Sub types

Journal Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

39

Data source: PubMed

Ramadan intermittent fasting induced poorer training practices during the COVID-19 lockdown: A global cross-sectional study with 5529 athletes from 110 countries

Files

Tools