Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo

Autoren

Kissao Gnandi
Benjamin A Musa Bandowe
Dimitri D Deheyn
Magali Porrachia
Michael Kersten
Wolfgang Wilcke

Autoren-URL

https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000292984100020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL

DOI

10.1039/c1em10063g

eISSN

1464-0333

Externe Identifier

Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: 795OS
PubMed Identifier: 21655572

ISSN

1464-0325

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

7

Zeitschrift

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

Paginierung

2033 - 2041

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2011

Status

Published

Titel

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo

Sub types

Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

13

Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)

Autoren

Kissao Gnandi
Benjamin A Musa Bandowe
Dimitri D Deheyn
Magali Porrachia
Michael Kersten
Wolfgang Wilcke

DOI

10.1039/c1em10063g

eISSN

1464-0333

ISSN

1464-0325

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

7

Zeitschrift

Journal of Environmental Monitoring

Sprache

en

Paginierung

2033 - 2033

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2011

Status

Published

Herausgeber

Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

Herausgeber URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1em10063g

Datum der Datenerfassung

2024

Titel

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

13

Datenquelle: Crossref

Abstract

The state of contamination of tropical environments, particularly in Africa, remains a relatively under explored subject. Here, we determined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and trace metal concentrations in coastal sediment and biota samples (fish and mussels) from Togo (West Africa). In the sediments, the ∑21 PAH concentrations ranged from <4 ng g(-1) to 257 ng g(-1), averaging 92 ng g(-1). Concentration ratios of low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings) versus high molecular weight PAHs (≥4 rings) were always lower than 1 (ranging from 0.08 to 0.46) indicating that high molecular weight PAHs were dominant in all sediment samples, and that PAHs originated mainly from anthropogenic combustion activities. The sediments were also analyzed for major elements and a total of 15 trace metals, which were found in elevated concentrations. The calculated enrichment factor (EF) values relative to the Earth's crust show that the contamination is extremely severe for Cd (EF = 191), severe for Cr (EF = 18) and U (EF = 17.8), moderately severe for Zr (EF = 8.8), for Ni (EF = 6.8), Sr (EF = 5.9) and Ba (EF = 5.4), and moderate for V (EF = 3.6) and Zn (EF = 3.4). Sediments sampled in areas affected by the dumping of phosphorite mine tailings showed particularly high concentrations of trace metals. Overall, concentrations of both PAHs and trace metals in sediment tend to increase from the coastline to the open sea (2 km offshore). This is attributable to the increasingly finer texture of coastal sediment found offshore, which has a terrigenous origin and appears loaded with various contaminants through adsorption processes. Such high loads of trace metals were also found in the biota (fish and mussels). The ratio of measured trace metal concentrations in biota to threshold limits set by the World Health Organization herein defined as relative health factor (RHF) was high. Average RHF values in fish were highest for Se (470), As (250), Ag (97), Ni (78), Mn (63), Fe (53), Pb (36), Cd (10), and Cr (7) while lowest for Cu (0.08) and Zn (0.03). Cd and Al did not bioaccumulate in the analyzed fish species. In mussels, the RHF values were highest for Fe (9,108), As (295), Pb (276), Se (273), Mn (186), Ni (71), Ag (70), Cd (14), and Cu (4).

Addresses

Department of Geology, University of Lomé, BP 1515, Lomé, Togo. kgnandi@yahoo.fr

Autoren

Kissao Gnandi
Benjamin A Musa Bandowe
Dimitri D Deheyn
Magali Porrachia
Michael Kersten
Wolfgang Wilcke

DOI

10.1039/c1em10063g

eISSN

1464-0333

Externe Identifier

PubMed Identifier: 21655572

Open access

false

ISSN

1464-0325

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

7

Zeitschrift

Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM

Schlüsselwörter

Animals
Fishes
Metals
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Seawater
Environmental Monitoring
Geologic Sediments
Togo
Bivalvia
Biota
Aquatic Organisms
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

Sprache

eng

Medium

Print-Electronic

Online publication date

2011

Paginierung

2033 - 2041

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2011

Status

Published

Datum der Datenerfassung

2011

Titel

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo.

Sub types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

13

Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract

The state of contamination of tropical environments, particularly in Africa, remains a relatively under explored subject. Here, we determined polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and trace metal concentrations in coastal sediment and biota samples (fish and mussels) from Togo (West Africa). In the sediments, the ∑21 PAH concentrations ranged from <4 ng g(-1) to 257 ng g(-1), averaging 92 ng g(-1). Concentration ratios of low molecular weight PAHs (2-3 rings) versus high molecular weight PAHs (≥4 rings) were always lower than 1 (ranging from 0.08 to 0.46) indicating that high molecular weight PAHs were dominant in all sediment samples, and that PAHs originated mainly from anthropogenic combustion activities. The sediments were also analyzed for major elements and a total of 15 trace metals, which were found in elevated concentrations. The calculated enrichment factor (EF) values relative to the Earth's crust show that the contamination is extremely severe for Cd (EF = 191), severe for Cr (EF = 18) and U (EF = 17.8), moderately severe for Zr (EF = 8.8), for Ni (EF = 6.8), Sr (EF = 5.9) and Ba (EF = 5.4), and moderate for V (EF = 3.6) and Zn (EF = 3.4). Sediments sampled in areas affected by the dumping of phosphorite mine tailings showed particularly high concentrations of trace metals. Overall, concentrations of both PAHs and trace metals in sediment tend to increase from the coastline to the open sea (2 km offshore). This is attributable to the increasingly finer texture of coastal sediment found offshore, which has a terrigenous origin and appears loaded with various contaminants through adsorption processes. Such high loads of trace metals were also found in the biota (fish and mussels). The ratio of measured trace metal concentrations in biota to threshold limits set by the World Health Organization herein defined as relative health factor (RHF) was high. Average RHF values in fish were highest for Se (470), As (250), Ag (97), Ni (78), Mn (63), Fe (53), Pb (36), Cd (10), and Cr (7) while lowest for Cu (0.08) and Zn (0.03). Cd and Al did not bioaccumulate in the analyzed fish species. In mussels, the RHF values were highest for Fe (9,108), As (295), Pb (276), Se (273), Mn (186), Ni (71), Ag (70), Cd (14), and Cu (4).

Autoren

Kissao Gnandi
Benjamin A Musa Bandowe
Dimitri D Deheyn
Magali Porrachia
Michael Kersten
Wolfgang Wilcke

Autoren-URL

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21655572

DOI

10.1039/c1em10063g

eISSN

1464-0333

Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung

7

Zeitschrift

J Environ Monit

Schlüsselwörter

Animals
Aquatic Organisms
Biota
Bivalvia
Environmental Monitoring
Fishes
Geologic Sediments
Metals
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Seawater
Togo
Water Pollutants, Chemical

Sprache

eng

Country

England

Paginierung

2033 - 2041

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2011

Status

Published

Datum, an dem der Datensatz öffentlich gemacht wurde

2011

Titel

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo.

Sub types

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

13

Datenquelle: PubMed

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and trace metal contamination of coastal sediment and biota from Togo

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