Physical properties of surface outcrop cataclastic fault rocks, Alpine Fault, New Zealand

Publikationstyp:
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Metadaten:
Autoren
  • C Boulton
  • BM Carpenter
  • V Toy
  • C Marone
Autoren-URL
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000299698200002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
DOI
10.1029/2011GC003872
Externe Identifier
  • Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: 884IN
ISSN
1525-2027
Zeitschrift
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
Schlüsselwörter
  • Alpine Fault
  • fault rocks
  • friction
  • permeability
  • surface rupture
Artikelnummer
ARTN Q01018
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2012
Status
Published
Titel
Physical properties of surface outcrop cataclastic fault rocks, Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Sub types
  • Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)

Andere Metadatenquellen:
Abstract
<jats:p>We present a unified analysis of physical properties of cataclastic fault rocks collected from surface exposures of the central Alpine Fault at Gaunt Creek and Waikukupa River, New Zealand. Friction experiments on fault gouge and intact samples of cataclasite were conducted at 30–33 MPa effective normal stress (<jats:italic>σ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>n</jats:italic></jats:sub>′) using a double‐direct shear configuration and controlled pore fluid pressure in a true triaxial pressure vessel. Samples from a scarp outcrop on the southwest bank of Gaunt Creek display (1) an increase in fault normal permeability (<jats:italic>k =</jats:italic> 7.45 × 10<jats:sup>−20</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> to <jats:italic>k</jats:italic> = 1.15 × 10<jats:sup>−16</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>), (2) a transition from frictionally weak (<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.44) fault gouge to frictionally strong (<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.50–0.55) cataclasite, (3) a change in friction rate dependence (<jats:italic>a‐b</jats:italic>) from solely velocity strengthening, to velocity strengthening and weakening, and (4) an increase in the rate of frictional healing with increasing distance from the footwall fluvioglacial gravels contact. At Gaunt Creek, alteration of the primary clay minerals chlorite and illite/muscovite to smectite, kaolinite, and goethite accompanies an increase in friction coefficient (<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.31 to <jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.44) and fault‐perpendicular permeability (<jats:italic>k =</jats:italic> 3.10 × 10<jats:sup>−20</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> to <jats:italic>k</jats:italic> = 7.45 × 10<jats:sup>−20</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>). Comminution of frictionally strong (<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.51–0.57) cataclasites forms weaker (<jats:italic>μ</jats:italic> = 0.31–0.50) foliated cataclasites and fault gouges with behaviors associated with aseismic creep at low strain rates. Combined with published evidence of large magnitude (<jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>w</jats:italic></jats:sub> ∼ 8) surface ruptures on the Alpine Fault, petrological observations indicate that shear failure involved frictional sliding within previously formed, velocity‐strengthening fault gouge.</jats:p>
Autoren
  • C Boulton
  • BM Carpenter
  • V Toy
  • C Marone
DOI
10.1029/2011gc003872
eISSN
1525-2027
ISSN
1525-2027
Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
1
Zeitschrift
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Sprache
en
Online publication date
2012
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2012
Status
Published
Herausgeber
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Herausgeber URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011gc003872
Datum der Datenerfassung
2023
Titel
Physical properties of surface outcrop cataclastic fault rocks, Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

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