Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes

Publikationstyp:
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Metadaten:
Autoren
  • Mohamed Romdhani
  • Hugh HK Fullagar
  • Jacopo A Vitale
  • Mathieu Nedelec
  • Dale E Rae
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Hamdi Chtourou
  • Ramzi A Al Horani
  • Helmi Ben Saad
  • Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
  • Gurhan Donmez
  • Ismail Dergaa
  • Tarak Driss
  • Abdulaziz Farooq
  • Omar Hammouda
  • Nesrine Harroum
  • Bahar Hassanmirzaei
  • Karim Khalladi
  • Syrine Khemila
  • Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos
  • Imen Moussa-Chamari
  • Inigo Mujika
  • Hussein Munoz Helu
  • Amin Norouzi Fashkhami
  • Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
  • Mehrshad Rahbari Khaneghah
  • Yoshitomo Saita
  • Nizar Souissi
  • Khaled Trabelsi
  • Jad Adrian Washif
  • Johanna Weber
  • Piotr Zmijewski
  • Lee Taylor
  • Sergio Garbarino
  • Karim Chamari
Autoren-URL
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000818513300001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
eISSN
1664-042X
Externe Identifier
  • Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: 2N6VH
  • PubMed Identifier: 35784859
Zeitschrift
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
Schlüsselwörter
  • highly-trained athletes
  • home-confinement duration
  • pandemic (COVID-19)
  • training load
  • sleep disturbance
Artikelnummer
ARTN 904778
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Titel
Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes
Sub types
  • Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)

Andere Metadatenquellen:
Abstract
<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective:</jats:bold> To investigate the effect of 1) lockdown duration and 2) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:</jats:bold> 1,454 elite athletes (24.1 ± 6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: 1) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); 2) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about 3) napping; and 4) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage).</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:</jats:bold> 15% of the sample spent &amp;lt; 1 month, 27% spent 1–2 months and 58% spent &amp;gt; 2 months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6–1.9) and ISI (5.1 ± 4.7 to 7.7 ± 6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3–2.9) scores were higher during-compared to pre-lockdown, associated (all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87–1.63) and ISI (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72–3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, ISI score was higher in athletes who spent &amp;gt; 2 months confined compared to those who spent &amp;lt; 1 month (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26–2.3).</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:</jats:bold> Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes’ sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel).</jats:p>
Autoren
  • Mohamed Romdhani
  • Hugh HK Fullagar
  • Jacopo A Vitale
  • Mathieu Nédélec
  • Dale E Rae
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Hamdi Chtourou
  • Ramzi A Al Horani
  • Helmi Ben Saad
  • Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
  • Gürhan Dönmez
  • Ismail Dergaa
  • Tarak Driss
  • Abdulaziz Farooq
  • Omar Hammouda
  • Nesrine Harroum
  • Bahar Hassanmirzaei
  • Karim Khalladi
  • Syrine Khemila
  • Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos
  • Imen Moussa-Chamari
  • Iñigo Mujika
  • Hussein Muñoz Helú
  • Amin Norouzi Fashkhami
  • Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
  • Mehrshad Rahbari Khaneghah
  • Yoshitomo Saita
  • Nizar Souissi
  • Khaled Trabelsi
  • Jad Adrian Washif
  • Johanna Weber
  • Piotr Zmijewski
  • Lee Taylor
  • Sergio Garbarino
  • Karim Chamari
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
eISSN
1664-042X
Zeitschrift
Frontiers in Physiology
Online publication date
2022
Status
Published online
Herausgeber
Frontiers Media SA
Herausgeber URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
Datum der Datenerfassung
2022
Titel
Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

Datenquelle: Crossref

Abstract
<b>Objective:</b> To investigate the effect of 1) lockdown duration and 2) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes. <b>Methods:</b> 1,454 elite athletes (24.1 ± 6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: 1) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); 2) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about 3) napping; and 4) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage). <b>Results:</b> 15% of the sample spent < 1 month, 27% spent 1-2 months and 58% spent > 2 months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6-1.9) and ISI (5.1 ± 4.7 to 7.7 ± 6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3-2.9) scores were higher during-compared to pre-lockdown, associated (all <i>p</i> < 0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (<i>p</i> < 0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87-1.63) and ISI (<i>p</i> < 0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72-3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, ISI score was higher in athletes who spent > 2 months confined compared to those who spent < 1 month (<i>p</i> < 0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26-2.3). <b>Conclusion:</b> Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes' sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel).
Addresses
  • High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia.
Autoren
  • Mohamed Romdhani
  • Hugh HK Fullagar
  • Jacopo A Vitale
  • Mathieu Nédélec
  • Dale E Rae
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Hamdi Chtourou
  • Ramzi A Al Horani
  • Helmi Ben Saad
  • Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
  • Gürhan Dönmez
  • Ismail Dergaa
  • Tarak Driss
  • Abdulaziz Farooq
  • Omar Hammouda
  • Nesrine Harroum
  • Bahar Hassanmirzaei
  • Karim Khalladi
  • Syrine Khemila
  • Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos
  • Imen Moussa-Chamari
  • Iñigo Mujika
  • Hussein Muñoz Helú
  • Amin Norouzi Fashkhami
  • Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
  • Mehrshad Rahbari Khaneghah
  • Yoshitomo Saita
  • Nizar Souissi
  • Khaled Trabelsi
  • Jad Adrian Washif
  • Johanna Weber
  • Piotr Zmijewski
  • Lee Taylor
  • Sergio Garbarino
  • Karim Chamari
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
eISSN
1664-042X
Externe Identifier
  • PubMed Identifier: 35784859
  • PubMed Central ID: PMC9240664
Open access
true
ISSN
1664-042X
Zeitschrift
Frontiers in physiology
Sprache
eng
Medium
Electronic-eCollection
Online publication date
2022
Open access status
Open Access
Paginierung
904778
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published
Publisher licence
CC BY
Datum der Datenerfassung
2022
Titel
Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes.
Sub types
  • research-article
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

Files

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2022.904778/pdf https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9240664?pdf=render

Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of 1) lockdown duration and 2) training intensity on sleep quality and insomnia symptoms in elite athletes. Methods: 1,454 elite athletes (24.1 ± 6.7 years; 42% female; 41% individual sports) from 40 countries answered a retrospective, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire relating to their behavioral habits pre- and during- COVID-19 lockdown, including: 1) Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); 2) Insomnia severity index (ISI); bespoke questions about 3) napping; and 4) training behaviors. The association between dependent (PSQI and ISI) and independent variables (sleep, napping and training behaviors) was determined with multiple regression and is reported as semi-partial correlation coefficient squared (in percentage). Results: 15% of the sample spent < 1 month, 27% spent 1-2 months and 58% spent > 2 months in lockdown. 29% self-reported maintaining the same training intensity during-lockdown whilst 71% reduced training intensity. PSQI (4.1 ± 2.4 to 5.8 ± 3.1; mean difference (MD): 1.7; 95% confidence interval of the difference (95% CI): 1.6-1.9) and ISI (5.1 ± 4.7 to 7.7 ± 6.4; MD: 2.6; 95% CI: 2.3-2.9) scores were higher during-compared to pre-lockdown, associated (all p < 0.001) with longer sleep onset latency (PSQI: 28%; ISI: 23%), later bedtime (PSQI: 13%; ISI: 14%) and later preferred time of day to train (PSQI: 9%; ISI: 5%) during-lockdown. Those who reduced training intensity during-lockdown showed higher PSQI (p < 0.001; MD: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.87-1.63) and ISI (p < 0.001; MD: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.72-3.27) scores compared to those who maintained training intensity. Although PSQI score was not affected by the lockdown duration, ISI score was higher in athletes who spent > 2 months confined compared to those who spent < 1 month (p < 0.001; MD: 1.28; 95% CI: 0.26-2.3). Conclusion: Reducing training intensity during the COVID-19-induced lockdown was associated with lower sleep quality and higher insomnia severity in elite athletes. Lockdown duration had further disrupting effects on elite athletes' sleep behavior. These findings could be of relevance in future lockdown or lockdown-like situations (e.g., prolonged illness, injury, and quarantine after international travel).
Date of acceptance
2022
Autoren
  • Mohamed Romdhani
  • Hugh HK Fullagar
  • Jacopo A Vitale
  • Mathieu Nédélec
  • Dale E Rae
  • Achraf Ammar
  • Hamdi Chtourou
  • Ramzi A Al Horani
  • Helmi Ben Saad
  • Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
  • Gürhan Dönmez
  • Ismail Dergaa
  • Tarak Driss
  • Abdulaziz Farooq
  • Omar Hammouda
  • Nesrine Harroum
  • Bahar Hassanmirzaei
  • Karim Khalladi
  • Syrine Khemila
  • Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos
  • Imen Moussa-Chamari
  • Iñigo Mujika
  • Hussein Muñoz Helú
  • Amin Norouzi Fashkhami
  • Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
  • Mehrshad Rahbari Khaneghah
  • Yoshitomo Saita
  • Nizar Souissi
  • Khaled Trabelsi
  • Jad Adrian Washif
  • Johanna Weber
  • Piotr Zmijewski
  • Lee Taylor
  • Sergio Garbarino
  • Karim Chamari
Autoren-URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35784859
DOI
10.3389/fphys.2022.904778
Externe Identifier
  • PubMed Central ID: PMC9240664
ISSN
1664-042X
Zeitschrift
Front Physiol
Schlüsselwörter
  • highly-trained athletes
  • home-confinement duration
  • pandemic (COVID-19)
  • sleep disturbance
  • training load
Sprache
eng
Country
Switzerland
Paginierung
904778
PII
904778
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2022
Status
Published online
Titel
Lockdown Duration and Training Intensity Affect Sleep Behavior in an International Sample of 1,454 Elite Athletes.
Sub types
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
13

Datenquelle: PubMed

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