Two novel XRE-like transcriptional regulators control phenotypic heterogeneity in Photorhabdus luminescens cell populations
- Publikationstyp:
- Zeitschriftenaufsatz
- Metadaten:
-
- Autoren
- Simone Eckstein
- Jannis Brehm
- Michael Seidel
- Mats Lechtenfeld
- Ralf Heermann
- Autoren-URL
- https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000621436100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- Externe Identifier
- Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: QL9YK
- PubMed Identifier: 33627070
- ISSN
- 1471-2180
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- BMC MICROBIOLOGY
- Schlüsselwörter
- Entomopathogenic bacteria
- Phenotypic heterogeneity
- Phenotypic switching
- XRE-like regulators
- Toxin
- antitoxin-system (TAS)
- Artikelnummer
- ARTN 63
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2021
- Status
- Published
- Titel
- Two novel XRE-like transcriptional regulators control phenotypic heterogeneity in <i>Photorhabdus luminescens</i> cell populations
- Sub types
- Article
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 21
Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)
- Andere Metadatenquellen:
-
- Abstract
- <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec> <jats:title>Background</jats:title> <jats:p>The insect pathogenic bacterium <jats:italic>Photorhabdus luminescens</jats:italic> exists in two phenotypically different forms, designated as primary (1°) and secondary (2°) cells. Upon yet unknown environmental stimuli up to 50% of the 1° cells convert to 2° cells. Among others, one important difference between the phenotypic forms is that 2° cells are unable to live in symbiosis with their partner nematodes, and therefore are not able to re-associate with them. As 100% switching of 1° to 2° cells of the population would lead to a break-down of the bacteria’s life cycle the switching process must be tightly controlled. However, the regulation mechanism of phenotypic switching is still puzzling.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Here we describe two novel XRE family transcriptional regulators, XreR1 and XreR2, that play a major role in the phenotypic switching process of <jats:italic>P. luminescens</jats:italic>. Deletion of <jats:italic>xreR1</jats:italic> in 1° or <jats:italic>xreR2</jats:italic> in 2° cells as well as insertion of extra copies of <jats:italic>xreR1</jats:italic> into 2° or x<jats:italic>reR2</jats:italic> into 1° cells, respectively, induced the opposite phenotype in either 1° or 2° cells. Furthermore, both regulators specifically bind to different promoter regions putatively fulfilling a positive autoregulation. We found initial evidence that XreR1 and XreR2 constitute an epigenetic switch, whereby XreR1 represses <jats:italic>xreR2</jats:italic> expression and XreR2 self-reinforces its own gene by binding to XreR1.</jats:p> </jats:sec><jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>Regulation of gene expression by the two novel XRE-type regulators XreR1 and XreR2 as well as their interplay represents a major regulatory process in phenotypic switching of <jats:italic>P. luminescens</jats:italic>. A fine-tuning balance between both regulators might therefore define the fate of single cells to convert from the 1° to the 2° phenotype.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
- Autoren
- Simone Eckstein
- Jannis Brehm
- Michael Seidel
- Mats Lechtenfeld
- Ralf Heermann
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- eISSN
- 1471-2180
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- BMC Microbiology
- Sprache
- en
- Artikelnummer
- 63
- Online publication date
- 2021
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2021
- Status
- Published
- Herausgeber
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Herausgeber URL
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- Datum der Datenerfassung
- 2021
- Titel
- Two novel XRE-like transcriptional regulators control phenotypic heterogeneity in Photorhabdus luminescens cell populations
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 21
Datenquelle: Crossref
- Abstract
- <h4>Background</h4>The insect pathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens exists in two phenotypically different forms, designated as primary (1°) and secondary (2°) cells. Upon yet unknown environmental stimuli up to 50% of the 1° cells convert to 2° cells. Among others, one important difference between the phenotypic forms is that 2° cells are unable to live in symbiosis with their partner nematodes, and therefore are not able to re-associate with them. As 100% switching of 1° to 2° cells of the population would lead to a break-down of the bacteria's life cycle the switching process must be tightly controlled. However, the regulation mechanism of phenotypic switching is still puzzling.<h4>Results</h4>Here we describe two novel XRE family transcriptional regulators, XreR1 and XreR2, that play a major role in the phenotypic switching process of P. luminescens. Deletion of xreR1 in 1° or xreR2 in 2° cells as well as insertion of extra copies of xreR1 into 2° or xreR2 into 1° cells, respectively, induced the opposite phenotype in either 1° or 2° cells. Furthermore, both regulators specifically bind to different promoter regions putatively fulfilling a positive autoregulation. We found initial evidence that XreR1 and XreR2 constitute an epigenetic switch, whereby XreR1 represses xreR2 expression and XreR2 self-reinforces its own gene by binding to XreR1.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Regulation of gene expression by the two novel XRE-type regulators XreR1 and XreR2 as well as their interplay represents a major regulatory process in phenotypic switching of P. luminescens. A fine-tuning balance between both regulators might therefore define the fate of single cells to convert from the 1° to the 2° phenotype.
- Addresses
- Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Biozentrum II, Mikrobiologie und Weinforschung, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
- Autoren
- Simone Eckstein
- Jannis Brehm
- Michael Seidel
- Mats Lechtenfeld
- Ralf Heermann
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- eISSN
- 1471-2180
- Externe Identifier
- PubMed Identifier: 33627070
- PubMed Central ID: PMC7905540
- Open access
- true
- ISSN
- 1471-2180
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- BMC microbiology
- Schlüsselwörter
- Animals
- Nematoda
- Photorhabdus
- Bacterial Proteins
- Transcription Factors
- Symbiosis
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Phenotype
- Insecta
- Sprache
- eng
- Medium
- Electronic
- Online publication date
- 2021
- Open access status
- Open Access
- Paginierung
- 63
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2021
- Status
- Published
- Publisher licence
- CC BY
- Datum der Datenerfassung
- 2021
- Titel
- Two novel XRE-like transcriptional regulators control phenotypic heterogeneity in Photorhabdus luminescens cell populations.
- Sub types
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- research-article
- Journal Article
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 21
Files
https://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2 https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC7905540?pdf=render
Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: The insect pathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus luminescens exists in two phenotypically different forms, designated as primary (1°) and secondary (2°) cells. Upon yet unknown environmental stimuli up to 50% of the 1° cells convert to 2° cells. Among others, one important difference between the phenotypic forms is that 2° cells are unable to live in symbiosis with their partner nematodes, and therefore are not able to re-associate with them. As 100% switching of 1° to 2° cells of the population would lead to a break-down of the bacteria's life cycle the switching process must be tightly controlled. However, the regulation mechanism of phenotypic switching is still puzzling. RESULTS: Here we describe two novel XRE family transcriptional regulators, XreR1 and XreR2, that play a major role in the phenotypic switching process of P. luminescens. Deletion of xreR1 in 1° or xreR2 in 2° cells as well as insertion of extra copies of xreR1 into 2° or xreR2 into 1° cells, respectively, induced the opposite phenotype in either 1° or 2° cells. Furthermore, both regulators specifically bind to different promoter regions putatively fulfilling a positive autoregulation. We found initial evidence that XreR1 and XreR2 constitute an epigenetic switch, whereby XreR1 represses xreR2 expression and XreR2 self-reinforces its own gene by binding to XreR1. CONCLUSION: Regulation of gene expression by the two novel XRE-type regulators XreR1 and XreR2 as well as their interplay represents a major regulatory process in phenotypic switching of P. luminescens. A fine-tuning balance between both regulators might therefore define the fate of single cells to convert from the 1° to the 2° phenotype.
- Date of acceptance
- 2021
- Autoren
- Simone Eckstein
- Jannis Brehm
- Michael Seidel
- Mats Lechtenfeld
- Ralf Heermann
- Autoren-URL
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33627070
- DOI
- 10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- eISSN
- 1471-2180
- Externe Identifier
- PubMed Central ID: PMC7905540
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- BMC Microbiol
- Schlüsselwörter
- Entomopathogenic bacteria
- Phenotypic heterogeneity
- Phenotypic switching
- Toxin/antitoxin-system (TAS)
- XRE-like regulators
- Animals
- Bacterial Proteins
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Insecta
- Nematoda
- Phenotype
- Photorhabdus
- Symbiosis
- Transcription Factors
- Sprache
- eng
- Country
- England
- Paginierung
- 63
- PII
- 10.1186/s12866-021-02116-2
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2021
- Status
- Published online
- Datum, an dem der Datensatz öffentlich gemacht wurde
- 2021
- Titel
- Two novel XRE-like transcriptional regulators control phenotypic heterogeneity in Photorhabdus luminescens cell populations.
- Sub types
- Journal Article
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 21
Datenquelle: PubMed
- Beziehungen:
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