Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: A distinct group supported by the health care system
- Publikationstyp:
- Zeitschriftenaufsatz
- Metadaten:
-
- Autoren
- H Striegel
- P Simon
- S Frisch
- K Roecker
- K Dietz
- HH Dickhuth
- R Ulrich
- Autoren-URL
- https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000234595300002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.013
- Externe Identifier
- Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: 002EW
- PubMed Identifier: 16009506
- ISSN
- 0376-8716
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
- Schlüsselwörter
- anabolic ergogenic substance use
- illicit drug use
- health care system
- prevention
- doping
- Paginierung
- 11 - 19
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2006
- Status
- Published
- Titel
- Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: A distinct group supported by the health care system
- Sub types
- Article
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 81
Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)
- Andere Metadatenquellen:
-
- Autoren
- Heiko Striegel
- Perikles Simon
- Steffen Frisch
- Kai Roecker
- Klaus Dietz
- Hans-Hermann Dickhuth
- Rolf Ulrich
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.013
- ISSN
- 0376-8716
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- Drug and Alcohol Dependence
- Sprache
- en
- Paginierung
- 11 - 19
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2006
- Status
- Published
- Herausgeber
- Elsevier BV
- Herausgeber URL
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.013
- Datum der Datenerfassung
- 2019
- Titel
- Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: A distinct group supported by the health care system
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 81
Datenquelle: Crossref
- Abstract
- <h4>Background</h4>Anabolic ergogenic substance use, in particular the use of anabolic androgenic steroids, is a serious problem in general. Nevertheless, it is subject to debate whether ergogenic substance users exhibit similar features as multiple substance users or whether they constitute a discrete group.<h4>Methods</h4>One thousand eight hundred and two standardized, anonymous questionnaires were distributed among visitors of 113 fitness centers. Questions were asked concerning biometric parameters, social indicators, physical fitness, use of natural stimulants, general illicit drugs and ergogenic substances. With logistic regression analysis, multivariate odds ratios were estimated to investigate the association of anabolic ergogenic substance or general illicit drug use with other parameters.<h4>Results</h4>13.5% of all participants confessed to having used anabolic ergogenic substances at some point in time. Anabolic ergogenic substance use was positively related with cocaine use, training years, training frequency, negatively related to the level of education, alcohol intake and less frequently used by Germans than by non-Germans. General illicit drug use, however, was positively related with alcohol intake, smoking and a university degree and negatively with having children. In addition, anabolic ergogenic substance use was significantly related with the use of general illicit drugs based on the strong relation with the use of cocaine, which is an ergogenic substance itself. The health care system supplies 48.1% of the anaolic ergogenic substance users with their substances and 32.1% are even monitored by a physician.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The results of this study strengthen the notion that anabolic ergogenic substance users constitute a specific body-oriented substance user group. Uncommon for general illicit drug use, the health care system is a major sponsor of anabolic ergogenic substance users. These findings suggest the need for alternative approaches for successful prevention and intervention programs.
- Addresses
- Department Sports Medicine, University of Tuebingen, Silchertrasse 5, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany. heiko.striegel@uni-tuebingen.de
- Autoren
- Heiko Striegel
- Perikles Simon
- Steffen Frisch
- Kai Roecker
- Klaus Dietz
- Hans-Hermann Dickhuth
- Rolf Ulrich
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.013
- eISSN
- 1879-0046
- Externe Identifier
- PubMed Identifier: 16009506
- Open access
- false
- ISSN
- 0376-8716
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- Drug and alcohol dependence
- Schlüsselwörter
- Humans
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Cocaine-Related Disorders
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
- Anabolic Agents
- Body Mass Index
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Alcohol Drinking
- Smoking
- Comorbidity
- Doping in Sports
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Physical Fitness
- Adult
- Fitness Centers
- National Health Programs
- Referral and Consultation
- Utilization Review
- Germany
- Female
- Male
- Patient Education as Topic
- Statistics as Topic
- Smoking Prevention
- Illicit Drugs
- Sprache
- eng
- Medium
- Print-Electronic
- Online publication date
- 2005
- Paginierung
- 11 - 19
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2006
- Status
- Published
- Datum der Datenerfassung
- 2005
- Titel
- Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: a distinct group supported by the health care system.
- Sub types
- Journal Article
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 81
Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central
- Abstract
- BACKGROUND: Anabolic ergogenic substance use, in particular the use of anabolic androgenic steroids, is a serious problem in general. Nevertheless, it is subject to debate whether ergogenic substance users exhibit similar features as multiple substance users or whether they constitute a discrete group. METHODS: One thousand eight hundred and two standardized, anonymous questionnaires were distributed among visitors of 113 fitness centers. Questions were asked concerning biometric parameters, social indicators, physical fitness, use of natural stimulants, general illicit drugs and ergogenic substances. With logistic regression analysis, multivariate odds ratios were estimated to investigate the association of anabolic ergogenic substance or general illicit drug use with other parameters. RESULTS: 13.5% of all participants confessed to having used anabolic ergogenic substances at some point in time. Anabolic ergogenic substance use was positively related with cocaine use, training years, training frequency, negatively related to the level of education, alcohol intake and less frequently used by Germans than by non-Germans. General illicit drug use, however, was positively related with alcohol intake, smoking and a university degree and negatively with having children. In addition, anabolic ergogenic substance use was significantly related with the use of general illicit drugs based on the strong relation with the use of cocaine, which is an ergogenic substance itself. The health care system supplies 48.1% of the anaolic ergogenic substance users with their substances and 32.1% are even monitored by a physician. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study strengthen the notion that anabolic ergogenic substance users constitute a specific body-oriented substance user group. Uncommon for general illicit drug use, the health care system is a major sponsor of anabolic ergogenic substance users. These findings suggest the need for alternative approaches for successful prevention and intervention programs.
- Date of acceptance
- 2005
- Autoren
- Heiko Striegel
- Perikles Simon
- Steffen Frisch
- Kai Roecker
- Klaus Dietz
- Hans-Hermann Dickhuth
- Rolf Ulrich
- Autoren-URL
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16009506
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.05.013
- ISSN
- 0376-8716
- Ausgabe der Veröffentlichung
- 1
- Zeitschrift
- Drug Alcohol Depend
- Schlüsselwörter
- Adult
- Alcohol Drinking
- Anabolic Agents
- Body Mass Index
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
- Cocaine-Related Disorders
- Comorbidity
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Doping in Sports
- Female
- Fitness Centers
- Germany
- Humans
- Illicit Drugs
- Male
- National Health Programs
- Patient Education as Topic
- Physical Fitness
- Referral and Consultation
- Smoking
- Smoking Prevention
- Socioeconomic Factors
- Statistics as Topic
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Utilization Review
- Sprache
- eng
- Country
- Ireland
- Paginierung
- 11 - 19
- PII
- S0376-8716(05)00186-9
- Datum der Veröffentlichung
- 2006
- Status
- Published
- Datum, an dem der Datensatz öffentlich gemacht wurde
- 2006
- Titel
- Anabolic ergogenic substance users in fitness-sports: a distinct group supported by the health care system.
- Sub types
- Journal Article
- Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
- 81
Datenquelle: PubMed
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