Acute Effects of Instructed and Self-Created Variable Rope Skipping on EEG Brain Activity and Heart Rate Variability

Autoren

Alexander John
Wolfgang I Schöllhorn

DOI

10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

eISSN

1662-5153

Zeitschrift

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Online publication date

2018

Status

Published online

Herausgeber

Frontiers Media SA

Herausgeber URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

Datum der Datenerfassung

2018

Titel

Acute Effects of Instructed and Self-Created Variable Rope Skipping on EEG Brain Activity and Heart Rate Variability

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

12

Datenquelle: Crossref

Abstract

The influence of physical activity on brain and heart activity dependent on type and intensity of exercise is meanwhile widely accepted. Mainly cyclic exercises with longer duration formed the basis for showing the influence on either central nervous system or on heart metabolism. Effects of the variability of movement sequences on brain and heart have been studied only sparsely so far. This study investigated effects of three different motor learning approaches combined with a single bout of rope skipping exercises on the spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) brain activity, heart rate variability (HRV) and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Participants performed repetitive learning (RL) and two extremely variable rope skipping schedules according to the differential learning approach. Thereby one bout was characterized by instructed variable learning (DLi) and the other by self-created variable learning (DLc) in randomized order each on three consecutive days. The results show higher RPE after DLi and DLc than after RL. HRV analysis demonstrates significant changes in pre-post exercise comparison in all training approaches. No statistically significant differences between training schedules were identified. Slightly greater changes in HRV parameters were observed in both DL approaches indicating a higher activation of the sympathetic nervous system. EEG data reveals higher parietal alpha1 and temporal alpha2 power in RL compared to both DL schedules immediately post exercise. During the recovery of up to 30 min, RL shows higher temporal and occipital theta, temporal, parietal and occipital alpha, temporal and occipital beta and frontal beta3 power. In conclusion, already a single bout of 3 min of rope skipping can lead to brain states that are associated with being advantageous for cognitive learning. Combined with additional, cognitively demanding tasks in form of the DL approach, it seems to lead to an overload of the mental capacity, at least on the short term. Further research should fathom the reciprocal influence of cardiac and central-nervous strain in greater detail.

Addresses

Institute of Sport Science, Training and Movement Science, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Autoren

Alexander John
Wolfgang I Schöllhorn

DOI

10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

eISSN

1662-5153

Externe Identifier

PubMed Identifier: 30618664
PubMed Central ID: PMC6297186

Open access

true

ISSN

1662-5153

Zeitschrift

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience

Sprache

eng

Medium

Electronic-eCollection

Online publication date

2018

Open access status

Open Access

Paginierung

311

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2018

Status

Published

Publisher licence

CC BY

Datum der Datenerfassung

2019

Titel

Acute Effects of Instructed and Self-Created Variable Rope Skipping on EEG Brain Activity and Heart Rate Variability.

Sub types

research-article
Journal Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

12

Files

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311/pdf https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6297186?pdf=render

Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract

The influence of physical activity on brain and heart activity dependent on type and intensity of exercise is meanwhile widely accepted. Mainly cyclic exercises with longer duration formed the basis for showing the influence on either central nervous system or on heart metabolism. Effects of the variability of movement sequences on brain and heart have been studied only sparsely so far. This study investigated effects of three different motor learning approaches combined with a single bout of rope skipping exercises on the spontaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) brain activity, heart rate variability (HRV) and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Participants performed repetitive learning (RL) and two extremely variable rope skipping schedules according to the differential learning approach. Thereby one bout was characterized by instructed variable learning (DLi) and the other by self-created variable learning (DLc) in randomized order each on three consecutive days. The results show higher RPE after DLi and DLc than after RL. HRV analysis demonstrates significant changes in pre-post exercise comparison in all training approaches. No statistically significant differences between training schedules were identified. Slightly greater changes in HRV parameters were observed in both DL approaches indicating a higher activation of the sympathetic nervous system. EEG data reveals higher parietal alpha1 and temporal alpha2 power in RL compared to both DL schedules immediately post exercise. During the recovery of up to 30 min, RL shows higher temporal and occipital theta, temporal, parietal and occipital alpha, temporal and occipital beta and frontal beta3 power. In conclusion, already a single bout of 3 min of rope skipping can lead to brain states that are associated with being advantageous for cognitive learning. Combined with additional, cognitively demanding tasks in form of the DL approach, it seems to lead to an overload of the mental capacity, at least on the short term. Further research should fathom the reciprocal influence of cardiac and central-nervous strain in greater detail.

Date of acceptance

2018

Autoren

Alexander John
Wolfgang I Schöllhorn

Autoren-URL

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30618664

DOI

10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

Externe Identifier

PubMed Central ID: PMC6297186

ISSN

1662-5153

Zeitschrift

Front Behav Neurosci

Schlüsselwörter

EEG
HRV
acute effects
differential learning
learning method
physical activity
recovery

Sprache

eng

Country

Switzerland

Paginierung

311

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2018

Status

Published online

Titel

Acute Effects of Instructed and Self-Created Variable Rope Skipping on EEG Brain Activity and Heart Rate Variability.

Sub types

Journal Article

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

12

Datenquelle: PubMed

Author's licence

CC-BY

Autoren

Alexander John
Wolfgang I Schöllhorn

Hosting institution

Universitätsbibliothek Mainz

Sammlungen

JGU-Publikationen

Resource version

Published version

URN

urn:nbn:de:hebis:77-publ-588013

DOI

10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

Funding acknowledgements

DFG, Open Access-Publizieren Universität Mainz / Universitätsmedizin

File(s) embargoed

false

Open access

true

ISSN

1662-5153

Zeitschrift

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience

Schlüsselwörter

796 Sport
796 Athletic and outdoor sports and games

Sprache

eng

Open access status

Open Access

Paginierung

Art. 311

Datum der Veröffentlichung

2018

Public URL

https://openscience.ub.uni-mainz.de/handle/20.500.12030/708

Herausgeber

Frontiers Research Foundation

Herausgeber URL

http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00311

Datum der Datenerfassung

2019

Datum, an dem der Datensatz öffentlich gemacht wurde

2019

Zugang

Public

Titel

Acute effects of instructed and self-created variable rope skipping on EEG brain activity and heart rate variability

Ausgabe der Zeitschrift

12

Files

58801.pdf

Datenquelle: OPENSCIENCE.UB

Acute Effects of Instructed and Self-Created Variable Rope Skipping on EEG Brain Activity and Heart Rate Variability

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