The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder

Publikationstyp:
Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Metadaten:
Autoren
  • Johannes Harbort
  • Julia Spiegel
  • Michael Witthoeft
  • Heiko Hecht
Autoren-URL
https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=fis-test-1&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000395357500003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL
DOI
10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.11.004
eISSN
1873-7943
Externe Identifier
  • Clarivate Analytics Document Solution ID: EM5NE
  • PubMed Identifier: 27883950
ISSN
0005-7916
Zeitschrift
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY
Schlüsselwörter
  • Gaze perception
  • Cone of gaze
  • Social phobia
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Emotional expression
  • Arousal
Paginierung
16 - 24
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2017
Status
Published
Titel
The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder
Sub types
  • Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
55

Datenquelle: Web of Science (Lite)

Andere Metadatenquellen:
Autoren
  • Johannes Harbort
  • Julia Spiegel
  • Michael Witthöft
  • Heiko Hecht
DOI
10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.11.004
ISSN
0005-7916
Zeitschrift
Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry
Sprache
en
Paginierung
16 - 24
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2017
Status
Published
Herausgeber
Elsevier BV
Herausgeber URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.11.004
Datum der Datenerfassung
2018
Titel
The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
55

Datenquelle: Crossref

Abstract
<h4>Background and objectives</h4>Patients with social anxiety disorder suffer from pronounced fears in social situations. As gaze perception is crucial in these situations, we examined which factors influence the range of gaze directions where mutual gaze is experienced (the cone of gaze).<h4>Methods</h4>The social stimulus was modified by changing the number of people (heads) present and the emotional expression of their faces. Participants completed a psychophysical task, in which they had to adjust the eyes of a virtual head to gaze at the edge of the range where mutual eye-contact was experienced.<h4>Results</h4>The number of heads affected the width of the gaze cone: the more heads, the wider the gaze cone. The emotional expression of the virtual head had no consistent effect on the width of the gaze cone, it did however affect the emotional state of the participants. Angry expressions produced the highest arousal values. Highest valence emerged from happy faces, lowest valence from angry faces.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These results suggest that the widening of the gaze cone in social anxiety disorder is not primarily mediated by their altered emotional reactivity. Implications for gaze assessment and gaze training in therapeutic contexts are discussed.<h4>Limitations</h4>Due to interindividual variability, enlarged gaze cones are not necessarily indicative of social anxiety disorder, they merely constitute a correlate at the group level.
Addresses
  • Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Psychologisches Institut, Mainz, Germany.
Autoren
  • Johannes Harbort
  • Julia Spiegel
  • Michael Witthöft
  • Heiko Hecht
DOI
10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.11.004
eISSN
1873-7943
Externe Identifier
  • PubMed Identifier: 27883950
Funding acknowledgements
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: HI456/4-1
  • University of Mainz:
Open access
false
ISSN
0005-7916
Zeitschrift
Journal of behavior therapy and experimental psychiatry
Schlüsselwörter
  • Humans
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Expressed Emotion
  • Visual Perception
  • Attention
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Fixation, Ocular
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Middle Aged
  • Female
  • Male
  • Young Adult
  • Phobia, Social
Sprache
eng
Medium
Print-Electronic
Online publication date
2016
Paginierung
16 - 24
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2017
Status
Published
Datum der Datenerfassung
2016
Titel
The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder.
Sub types
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
55

Datenquelle: Europe PubMed Central

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Patients with social anxiety disorder suffer from pronounced fears in social situations. As gaze perception is crucial in these situations, we examined which factors influence the range of gaze directions where mutual gaze is experienced (the cone of gaze). METHODS: The social stimulus was modified by changing the number of people (heads) present and the emotional expression of their faces. Participants completed a psychophysical task, in which they had to adjust the eyes of a virtual head to gaze at the edge of the range where mutual eye-contact was experienced. RESULTS: The number of heads affected the width of the gaze cone: the more heads, the wider the gaze cone. The emotional expression of the virtual head had no consistent effect on the width of the gaze cone, it did however affect the emotional state of the participants. Angry expressions produced the highest arousal values. Highest valence emerged from happy faces, lowest valence from angry faces. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the widening of the gaze cone in social anxiety disorder is not primarily mediated by their altered emotional reactivity. Implications for gaze assessment and gaze training in therapeutic contexts are discussed. LIMITATIONS: Due to interindividual variability, enlarged gaze cones are not necessarily indicative of social anxiety disorder, they merely constitute a correlate at the group level.
Date of acceptance
2016
Autoren
  • Johannes Harbort
  • Julia Spiegel
  • Michael Witthöft
  • Heiko Hecht
Autoren-URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27883950
DOI
10.1016/j.jbtep.2016.11.004
eISSN
1873-7943
Zeitschrift
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry
Schlüsselwörter
  • Arousal
  • Cone of gaze
  • Emotional expression
  • Gaze perception
  • Social anxiety disorder
  • Social phobia
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Attention
  • Expressed Emotion
  • Female
  • Fixation, Ocular
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phobia, Social
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
  • Visual Perception
  • Young Adult
Sprache
eng
Country
Netherlands
Paginierung
16 - 24
PII
S0005-7916(16)30076-3
Datum der Veröffentlichung
2017
Status
Published
Datum, an dem der Datensatz öffentlich gemacht wurde
2017
Titel
The effects of social pressure and emotional expression on the cone of gaze in patients with social anxiety disorder.
Sub types
  • Journal Article
Ausgabe der Zeitschrift
55

Datenquelle: PubMed

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